Appendix C: Alignment Table – Comparing the NAEP Technology and Engineering Literacy Assessment Areas to U.S. Source Documents

Interaction of Technology and Humans

Digital Citizenship: Students understand human, cultural and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior
5.d. Students exhibit leadership for digital citizenship.

Standard 4: Students will develop an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.
Standard 6: Students will develop an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.
Standard 7: Students will develop an understanding of the influence of technology on history.
Standard 13: Students will develop abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.

Effects of Technology
on the Natural World

Standard 5: Students will develop an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.
Standard 13: Students will develop abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.

Effects of Technology on the World of Information and Knowledge

5. Digital Citizenship:
5.a. Students advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of information and technology.
5.b. Students exhibit a positive attitude toward using technology that supports collaboration, learning, and productivity.

Standard 13: Students will develop abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.

Ethics, Equity, and
Responsibility

5. Digital Citizenship:
5.a. Students advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of information and technology.

Nature of Technology

1. Creativity and Innovation:
1.a. Students apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products, or processes.
6. Technology Operations and Concepts:
6.a. Students understand and use technology systems.

Standard 1: Students will develop an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.
Standard 2: Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts of technology.
Standard 3: Students will develop an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connections between technology and other fields of study.

Engineering Design

1. Creativity and Innovation:
1.a. Students apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products, or processes.
1.c. Students use models and simulations to explore complex systems and issues.
3. Research and Information Fluency
3.a. Students plan strategies to guide inquiry.
3.d. Students process data and report results.
4. Critical Thinking, Problem Solving and Decision Making:
Students use critical thinking skills to plan and conduct research, manage projects, solve problems, and make informed decision using appropriate digital tools and resources.

Standard 8: Students will develop an understanding of the attributes of design.
Standard 9: Students will develop an understanding of engineering design.
Standard 11: Students will develop abilities to apply the design process.

Systems Thinking

1. Creativity and Innovation:
1.a. Students apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products or processes.
6. Technology Operations and Concepts:
6.a. Students understand and use technology systems.

Standard 13: Students will develop abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

6. Technology Operations and Concepts:
6.c. Students troubleshoot systems and applications.

Standard 10: Students will develop an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.
Standard 12: Students will develop abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.

Construction and Exchange of Ideas and Solutions

2. Communication and Collaboration: Students use digital media and environments to communicate and work collaboratively, including at a distance to support individual learning and contribute to the learning of others.

Information Research

3. Research and Information Fluency: Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information.

Investigation of Problems

4. Critical Thinking, Problem-Solving, and Decision-Making: Students use critical thinking skills to plan and conduct research, manage projects, solve problems, and make informed decisions using appropriate digital tools and resources.

Standard 8: Students will develop an understanding of the attributes of design.
Standard 9: Students will develop an understanding of engineering design.
Standard 11: Students will develop abilities to apply the design process.

Acknowledgement of Ideas and Information

5. Digital Citizenship: Students understand human, cultural, and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior.

Selection and Use of Digital Tools

6. Technology Operations and Concepts: Students demonstrate a sound understanding of technology concepts, systems, and operations.

Standard 17: Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies.